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ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and influencing factors of Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer based on real-world data of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. MethodClinical diagnosis and treatment data of patients with primary liver cancer admitted to five Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Henan Province from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected from the medical electronic database. The patients treated with Biejiajianwan for ≥30 days were assigned to the exposure group and those without treatment with Biejiajianwan or treated with Biejiajianwan for <30 days to the non-exposure group. The propensity score matching model was used to balance confounding factors between the two groups according to the 1∶1 genetic matching method. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and survival curve plotting. Log-rank was used to test the difference in survival rate between the two groups. Univariate analysis of Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer was performed by Log-rank test combined with the Kaplan-Meier method. The factors with statistical significance （P<0.05） were combined with unbalanced factors by the propensity score matching model， and at the same time， clinical common sense and relevant prognostic factors by literature search were considered， which were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards regression model. ResultA total of 2 207 electronic cases were collected，including 174 cases in the exposure group （Biejiajianwan group） and 2 033 cases in the non-exposure group. After propensity score matching， there were 174 cases in the exposure group and 174 cases in the non-exposure group. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis on the matched data， and the Log-rank test results showed that the survival rate of patients with primary liver cancer in the Biejiajianwan group was higher than that in the control group （χ2=12.193， P<0.01）. Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that the regression coefficient of Biejiajianwan was -0.916 4 with the hazard ratio （HR） ［95% confidence interval （CI）］=0.4 （0.239 5-0.668 0）， P<0.01， and the regression coefficient of radiofrequency ablation treatment was -0.976 5 with HR （95% CI）=0.376 6 （0.172 8-0.821 1， P<0.05）. Fibrinogen （FIB） abnormal regression coefficient was 0.481 4 with HR （95% CI）=1.618 4（1.022 0-2.562 9），P<0.05. ConclusionBiejiajianwan can prolong the survival period of patients with primary liver cancer. Radiofrequency ablation is an independent protective factor for Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer，while abnormal FIB are independent risk factors for Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer.
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Objective:To explore the scheme of assigning rational scores to the Modified Pediatric Nutritional Risk Screening Tool for children with cerebral palsy(CP) at different Gross Motor Function Classification System(GMFCS) levels.Methods:The clinical data of 360 children with CP hospitalized in the Department of Children′s Rehabilitation, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January to October 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.All the CP children at different GMFCS levels who met the inclusion criteria were subject to nutrition screening and assessment by using the Modified Pediatric Nutritional Risk Screening Tool and the Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment(SGNA) scale.The distribution of malnutrition rates assessed by the SGNA scale among the children at different GMFCS levels was examined.Data between groups were compared by the χ2 test.Children at different GMFCS levels were divided into different subgroups according to the statistical difference.Then, 0 or 1 score was assigned to the Modified Pediatric Nutritional Risk Screening Tool in different subgroups, and different combinations were formed.The nutritional risk screening results of different combinations were evaluated by using the SGNA scale assessment results as a reference. Results:In children with CP, the risk detection rate and incidence rate of malnutrition were 58.1%(209/360) and 36.9%(133/360), respectively.There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of malnutrition between GMFCS Ⅱ and GMFCS Ⅲ, as well as between GMFCS Ⅳ and GMFCS Ⅴ(all P>0.05). Therefore, children with CP were divided into 3 subgroups, namely, group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ to Ⅲ, and group Ⅳ to Ⅴ.Different CP disease scores were given to the Modified Pediatric Nutritional Risk Screening Tool in 3 subgroups, forming 3 different protocols[protocol 1 (0, 0, 1 point); protocol 2(0, 1, 1 point); current protocol (1, 1, 1 point)]. Taking the SGNA scale assessment results as a reference, the sensitivity of protocol 1, protocol 2 and current protocol were 85.7%, 92.5%, and 93.2% respectively.The specificity protocol 1, protocol 2 and current protocol were 81.1%, 78.0%, and 62.6%, respectively.And the Youden indexes of above three protocols were 0.668, 0.705, and 0.558, respectively.The Youden index of protocol 2 was relatively high. Conclusions:The Modified Pediatric Nutritional Risk Screening Tool can effectively identify the risk of malnutrition in children with CP.The scheme of assigning 0 points to children with GMFCS grade Ⅰ and 1 point to children with GMFCS grade Ⅱ to Ⅴ is more reasonable.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the expression levels of forkhead box A2 (FOXA2) and forkhead box J2 (FOXJ2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and the association of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 with HCC. MethodsClinical data and pathological tissue samples were collected from 54 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC in The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2014 to July 2019. The immunohistochemical SP method was used to measure the protein expression levels of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 in HCC tissue, and their association with HCC-related clinicopathological features and patient prognosis was analyzed. The chi-square test and the adjusted chi-square test were used for comparison of categorical data; a Spearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between the expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2; the Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis; Image-Pro Plus was used to perform the semi-quantitative analysis of the expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2; the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsThe positive rates of the protein expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 in HCC tissue were 70.37% (38/54) and 75.92% (41/54), respectively, and there was a significant positive correlation between the expression levels of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 (rs=0.648, P＜0.001). In both negative and positive groups, the expression level of FOXA2 was associated with tumor diameter, degree of tumor differentiation, number of tumors, and alpha-fetoprotein (χ2=5.440, 4.113, 4.352, and 3.865, P=0.020, 0.043, 0037, and 0.049), and the expression level of FOXJ2 was associated with the degree of tumor differentiation (χ2=9.267, P=0.002). The group with positive expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 had a significantly higher cumulative survival rate than the group with negative expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 (P＜0.01). ConclusionThe expression levels of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 are associated with the development, progression, and prognosis of HCC, and they have a synergistic effect in the development and progression of HCC.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and side effects of injecting different doses of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) into children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and tiptoe deformity.Methods:A total of 107 children with tiptoe deformity resulting from CP were divided into group A ( n=35), group B ( n=36) and group C ( n=36) using a random number table. Group A received 3u/kg injections of BTX-A, group B received 4u/kg injections and group C received 5u/kg. The injections were guided by color Doppler ultrasound and followed by 4 courses of rehabilitation therapy. Before and 1, 3 and 6 months after the treatment, the modified Tardieu scale (MTS) was used to assess gastrocnemius spasms, while sections D and E of gross motor function scale 88 (GMFM-88) and the pediatric balance scale (PBS) were used to evaluate motor functioning and balance. Any side effects were also observed. Results:After the treatment, improvement was observed in all of the measurements, though there were no significant differences in the degree of improvement nor in the incidence of side effects among the three groups.Conclusions:There is no significant difference in clinical efficacy or side effects involved in using different doses of BTX-A to treat tiptoe deformity in children with spastic cerebral palsy. The recommended dosage is therefore 3u/kg.
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Objective To study the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1a(HIF-1α) at mRNA and protein levels in the early stage of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats and its role.Methods (1) Experiment 1:thirty-six postnatal 7-day SD rats were divided into Sham group (n =6) and model group (HIBD,n =30) according to the random table method,then the rats in the model group were divided into 5 subgroups according to the time of sacrifice after HIBD(6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h,n =6).The expression levels of HIF-1cα mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative Real-time PCR(qPCR) and Western blot,respectively.(2) Experiment 2:forty-five postnatal 7-day SD rats were randomized into 3 groups:Sham group (n =15),HIBD group (n =15) and 2-methoxyestradiol(2ME2) group(n =15).According to the experiment 1,at the time point of the highest expression levels of HIF-1 α mRNA and protein,rats were killed and the brains were collected.The location and expression of HIF-1 α protein were detected by immunofluorescence,histopathological changes of brain were observed by HE staining,brain water content was measured by dry-wet method,cell apoptosis was detected by nick end labeling(TUNEL) method.Results At the early stage of HIBD,the expression levels of HIF-1 α mRNA and protein increased at first and then decreased,and the mRNA expression level (3.38 ± 0.21) and protein expression level (2.81 ± 0.36) were the highest at 24 h after HIBD.In Sham group,HIF-1 α protein was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm,while in HIBD group it was mainly expressed in the nucleus.The number of HIF-1α staining positive cells,brain water content and apoptosis rate were significantly different among Sham group,HIBD group and 2ME2 group (all P ＜ 0.05),and which were significantly lower in 2ME2 group than those in HIBD group (all P ＜ 0.05),and the pathological changes were also less serious than those in HIBD group.Conclusions The mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1 α are the highest at 24 h after HIBD.Inhibiting the expression of HIF-1 α can ameliorate the brain damage of neonatal rats induced by hypoxia-ischemia.Therefore,it is hypothesized that HIF-1α may cause injury in the early stage of HIBD in neonatal rats.
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Objective To explore the application of submental ultrasonongraphy (SUS) in the assessment of oropharyngeal swallowing disorders in children with cerebral palsy.Methods Seventeen children with cerebral palsy and oropharyngeal swallowing difficulties (7 on nasal feeding,10 on oral feeding) constituted the treatment group while 20 normal counterparts formed the control group.SUS was applied to measure any changes in the thickness of the tongue muscle and the range of hyoid bone displacement when they swallowed 5 ml of water.The results were compared with those assessed using the functional oral intake scale to decide the best cut-off point for detecting tube-feeding-dependent dysphagia.The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the 20 children in the control group was calculated to evaluate the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of SUS.Results The average tongue muscle thickness change and hyoid bone displacement amplitude of the children on nasal feeding were significantly smaller than those of the children without nasal feeding and the normal children.The best cut-off point for the tongue muscle thickness change data was 1.0 cm,and that of the hyoid bone displacement amplitude was 1.5 cm.All of the ICCs were above 0.4,indicating good intra-rater and inter-rater reliability for the SUS examination.Conclusion Submental ultrasonongraphy can help assess the swallowing function of children with oropharyngeal swallowing disorders.
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Background and purpose:Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) participates in angiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer. COX-2 inhibitors could inhibit invasion and metastasis of lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate the inhibition of invasion and metastasis by COX-2 inhibitor imrecoxib in xenograft tumor of lung adenocar-cinoma A549 cell in nude mice and to explore its possible mechanisms, in addition, to observe the efficacy of imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin.Methods:Thirty male BALB/c nude mice were injected subcutaneously with A549 cells into the right axillary region to establish xenograft models. Twenty-nine successfully modeled mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group (n=7), imrecoxib group (n=8), lobaplatin group (n=7), imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin group (n=7). The control group was treated with the same amount of sterile distilled water and injected with the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution via caudal vein. The treatment group was treated with imrecoxib tablets 40 mg/kg per day through gavage and injected with lobaplatin 7.5 mg/kg per week via caudal vein respectively. The diet, physical activity and other normal conditions of nude mice were observed everyday. After 6 weeks, 29 mice were sacrificed and transplanted tumor tissues were cut off. The expression of PTEN, cortactin protein and mRNA were detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. The data were analyzed with one-way anova and non-parametric test.Results:In the last week, the diet and physical activity of all nude mice were less than before, and they became thinner, which were more obvious among the mice in lobaplatin group and imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin group. Compared with the control group, the expression of PTEN protein and mRNA were significantly increased in imrecoxib group and imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin group (P<0.001, respectively). Compared with the control group, the expression of cortactin protein and mRNA were significantly decreased in imrecoxib group and imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin group (P<0.001, respectively). PTEN and cortactin protein, PTEN and cortactin mRNA had significantly negative correlation (r=-0.660, -0.983,P<0.001, respectively). Conclusion:Imrecoxib can inhibit non-small cell lung cancer invasion and metastasis which may be involved in upregu-lating PTEN protein and reducing cortactin protein. Imrecoxib could enhance the effect of lobaplatin chemotherapy.
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Objective To study the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1a(HIF-1α) at mRNA and protein levels in the early stage of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats and its role.Methods (1) Experiment 1:thirty-six postnatal 7-day SD rats were divided into Sham group (n =6) and model group (HIBD,n =30) according to the random table method,then the rats in the model group were divided into 5 subgroups according to the time of sacrifice after HIBD(6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h,n =6).The expression levels of HIF-1cα mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative Real-time PCR(qPCR) and Western blot,respectively.(2) Experiment 2:forty-five postnatal 7-day SD rats were randomized into 3 groups:Sham group (n =15),HIBD group (n =15) and 2-methoxyestradiol(2ME2) group(n =15).According to the experiment 1,at the time point of the highest expression levels of HIF-1 α mRNA and protein,rats were killed and the brains were collected.The location and expression of HIF-1 α protein were detected by immunofluorescence,histopathological changes of brain were observed by HE staining,brain water content was measured by dry-wet method,cell apoptosis was detected by nick end labeling(TUNEL) method.Results At the early stage of HIBD,the expression levels of HIF-1 α mRNA and protein increased at first and then decreased,and the mRNA expression level (3.38 ± 0.21) and protein expression level (2.81 ± 0.36) were the highest at 24 h after HIBD.In Sham group,HIF-1 α protein was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm,while in HIBD group it was mainly expressed in the nucleus.The number of HIF-1α staining positive cells,brain water content and apoptosis rate were significantly different among Sham group,HIBD group and 2ME2 group (all P ＜ 0.05),and which were significantly lower in 2ME2 group than those in HIBD group (all P ＜ 0.05),and the pathological changes were also less serious than those in HIBD group.Conclusions The mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1 α are the highest at 24 h after HIBD.Inhibiting the expression of HIF-1 α can ameliorate the brain damage of neonatal rats induced by hypoxia-ischemia.Therefore,it is hypothesized that HIF-1α may cause injury in the early stage of HIBD in neonatal rats.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the therapeutic effects of the specific immunotherapy (SIT) on allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis combined bronchial asthma. METHED: All patients were classified into allergic rhinitis group (AR group) with 32 patients and allergic rhinitis combined bronchial asthma group (AR+BA group) with 32 patients. Another health control group with 32 cases was designed as well. The allergens,symptom scores and therapeutic effects of the former two-group patients were analysis, and the serums of all three-group cases were extracted to evaluate the specific Immunoglobin E(sIgE), Interleukin-4 (IL-4). The SPSS13. 0 package was applied to conduct t-test and chi-square test, and the difference of P<0. 05 was regarded as statistical significance.@*RESULT@#The main allergens of 64 patients were dermatophagoides farinae and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. The improvement of symptom scores before and after SIT was statistical significant with P<0. 05. Although total effective rate reached 100% , AR group was superior than AR+BA group in term of the efficacy comparison, and P<0. 05 indicated the statistical significance. The serum sIgE, IL-4 values of three groups were brought into comparison, and P<0. 05 indicated the statistical significance of the difference.@*CONCLUSION@#The SIT on the AR, AR+BA is a safe and effective treatment, but different disease responds diversely. The long-term treatment course is recommended.
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Animales , Humanos , Alérgenos , Alergia e Inmunología , Asma , Terapéutica , Dermatophagoides farinae , Alergia e Inmunología , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus , Alergia e Inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E , Sangre , Inmunoterapia , Interleucina-4 , Sangre , Rinitis Alérgica , Terapéutica , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the significance of hMSH2 aberrant expression in patients with sporadic colorectal cancer in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.@*METHODS@#Clinicopathological parameters and postoperative samples of 327 patients with sporadic colorectal cancer were collected in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Immunohistochemistry PV-9000 two-step method was performed to measure hMSH2 expression in the postoperative pathologic specimens. Prognostic value of hMSH2 expression was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Thirty-five (10.7%) patients showed aberrant nuclear staining of hMSH2 expression. The patients with aberrant expression of hMSH2 showed better prognosis than the normal expression group, with significant difference (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In Xinjiang, aberrant hMSH2 expression can be regarded as an independent prognostic factor in patients with sporadic colorectal cancer.
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Humanos , Neoplasias Colorrectales , Genética , Metabolismo , Inmunohistoquímica , Proteína 2 Homóloga a MutS , Genética , Metabolismo , PronósticoRESUMEN
Objective To investigate the roles of aberrant expression of c-myc,c-myb,and c-erbB-2 in the development of breast cancer and its clinical significance.Methods Immunohistochimical technique (S-P method)was used to detect the expression of c-myb,c-myc and c-erbB-2 protein in 150 cases of breast cancer and 30 cases of benign proliferative lesions.heir relation to clinical pathological parameters were analyzed.Results The protein expression levels of c-myc,c-myb,and c-erbB-2 in breast cancer were higher than those in benign proliferative lesions and the difference was significant(all P ＜0.05).Expression of c-myc protein had obvious relationship to histological grade,lymph nodes metastasis and pathological types(all P ＜ 0.05).Expression of c-myb protein related significantly to histological grade (P ＜ 0.05).c-erbB-2 was associated with the tumor size,grading,PR expression (all P ＜ 0.05).The association among the three kinds of genetic proteins was observed.Conclusion Expressions of oncogenes c-myc,c-myb,and c-erbB-2 proteins are higher in breast cancer and lower in benign proliferative lesions.The difference is significant.They are related to the grading and some other prognostic factors such as tumor size,pathologic types,PR expression and lymph node metastasis.The results suggest that these oncogenes are activated in the development of breast cancer and provoke cancerous cells multiplication.Expressions of oncogenes c-myc,c-myb and c-erbB-2 mightbe considered to be the prognostic indicators of breast cancer.
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Objective To discuss the value of nursing work in 64-slice CT urography. Methods 240 patients participated in the 64-slice CT urography, inquiring medical history and iodine allergic history, paying attention to their psychological state and finishing iodine preliminary test before examination, ob-serving patients carefully, pre-judging any possible adverse effect and formulating corresponding measures during the examination, giving expectant treatment according to the various condition and nursing instruc-tion. Results 239 patients passed through the examination smoothly, agents exosmosis happened in one case and led to failure, but satisfactory image was obtained after rescanning. Conclusions Nursing oper-ation penetrates every step of 64-slice CT urography, which is a non-traumatic, low-expense and high-safety examination. Effect nursing directly influences the accuracy of the results, proficient nursing opera-tion and patient psychological nursing is the important part of it.
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Objective To understand the incidence and the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer in Bengbu area.Methods The clinicopathological datas of 446 cases of breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively,which included the clinical profile,tumor size,pathological grading,lymphatic metastasis,pTNM staging,hormonal receptor status and oncogene C-erbB-2 protein expression of some cases.Results Female was found in 99.6% of the patients.The average age was 49.76 years old.Most patients presented firstly by breast masses.The average time was 11.58 months from discovering the mass to final pathological diagnosis.The average longest diameter was 3.06cm.Invasive ductal carcinoma was found in 92.8%.Metastasis was found in 58.8%.Lymphatic metastasis rate was higher in extrinstic and posterior pectoralis monor.ER expression rate was 45.3% and PR,44.2%.The positive rate of C-erbB-2 was 81.4%.C-erbB-2 protein expression was found to be related to the status of ER and PR.Conclusion Breast cancer is more commonly found in middle and old women.Early discovery rate is lower and invasive carcinoma is diagnosed in most cases while metastasis is found in halof the cases.Carrying out breast cancer census is of important significance for prevention and treatment of breast cancer.